Officially, U.S.-China relations are today characterized as “complex.” Members of the Pacific Forum Young Leaders program got a firsthand glimpse of that complexity at the U.S.-China Security Workshop that convened in Shanghai, China May 25-26, 2006. This meeting, the seventh in a series of bilateral conferences cohosted by the Pacific Forum, the Center for American Studies at Fudan University, and the CNA Corp., brought together experts from both countries to explore the U.S.-China relationship across a range of issues. In their discussions and encounters, the Young Leaders provided ample reasons to be optimistic about the future of the U.S.-China relationship.