Recent developments in the Mindanao peace process serve as a reminder that the region remains volatile and fraught with unanticipated pitfalls. This disruption has created a critical juncture that offers two distinct paths. On the one hand, perhaps the path of least resistance, there is a return to violence and confrontation. The other path, which requires leadership on all sides, is to learn from mistakes and use them to chart a course of reconciliation that is transparent and takes into account the interests and grievances of all parties.