Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s recent visit to India, where he was chief guest at India’s 62nd Republic Day celebrations on Jan. 26, was an important step in renewing ties between these neighbors. With ties that go back over two millennia, it is not surprising that India and Indonesia share characteristics and concerns. They have common maritime boundaries, along with concerns about terrorism, are pluralist democracies, and rapidly developing economies. Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world, India is number two.