The U.S.-Japan security alliance is an integral part of U.S. engagement with Asia, especially in the face of new and diffuse threats, and both Japan and the U.S. state the alliance is central to their national security. However, doubts continue to plague the alliance with each side questioning the other’s commitment. To explain these issues the Pacific Forum, in conjunction with the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency, conducted the U.S.-Japan Strategic Dialogue from February 8-10, 2009.