The majority of vessels using the straits do not call at any straits state port and thus the straits states – Indonesisa, Malaysia, and Singapore – receive no direct benefit from their passage. Yet they bear the brunt of the burden in providing for safety of navigation, and the costs of pollution caused by accidents. Therefore, the straits states, and Japan, which depends on the straits for delivery of oil from the Middle East, are exploring ways and means to share the costs of maintaining the safety of navigation there.